吃饭也可成为大乘道

Then, what should we do now? Despite the fact that we still need to go to work, it is altogether possible that we can cultivate compassion and renunciation at the same time. These endeavors are not contradictory since there are ways for us to turn ordinary activities, which normally are not altruistic, into actions that benefit other beings.

那我们现在该如何做呢？比如说：虽然平时要上班、要工作，但是同时你可以发慈悲心、出离心，这两个是一点都不矛盾的。平时做一些世间的事情，虽然不是为了利益众生，但我们也有办法将它变成是利益众生的事。

For example, is eating a meal counted as a good, evil, or neutral action? On the premise of not harming lives, eating itself is neither good nor evil. But as stated in the Abhidharma-kosha-shastra, if one wants to eat first in order to have the strength to kill, fight, or trick others afterwards, eating that meal is the same as committing evil. If the purpose of eating is to have energy to listen to a Dharma teaching, to liberate animals or to cultivate virtue, then this eating signifies a good action. Moreover, if these positive actions are invested with bodhicitta, eating can even become a Mahayana practice. On the other hand, when eating is without any specific purpose, not thinking of hurting or killing others, liberating or saving animals, it is neither good nor evil; it is, in Buddhist terminology, moral neutrality.

比如说：吃一顿饭究竟是善？是恶？还是不善不恶的无记法呢？如果在不伤害众生生命的前提下，吃饭本身是无记法。但是在《俱舍论》里面讲得很清楚，如果一个人吃完这顿饭，将肚子填饱了以后是为了去杀生、去参战、去行骗等等，以这样的目的而吃饭，那吃这顿饭就是造作恶业；如果一个人吃饭的目的，是为了吃饱以后去听法、去放生、去行善，那这个吃饭就是行善；如果他能以菩提心摄持，那么吃这顿饭就成了大乘的修法；如果他吃饭的时候没有什么特殊的目的，没有去想吃完饭以后去杀生、去放生等等，那这样的吃饭就是不善不恶，所以叫作无记。

Take another example of working and making money. Why to make money? If it is for purposes related to spiritual practice, working can be viewed as a kind of supramundane practice. If the money is intended for ill purpose, even before any real action has taken place, evil karma will start being accumulated every day one goes to work. When working is simply a means for living, it results in neither good nor evil karma. So, action may be the same, but karma may not. And the determining factor is nothing but one’s motivation.

再比如说工作挣钱，为什么要挣钱？如果挣钱是为了利用在修行上，那工作就是出世间法。如果是要拿这些钱去干一些坏事，即使现在还没做，这样的上班天天都是在造恶业。如果没什么其他的想法，只是为了吃饭、生存，这是不善不恶，是无记法。所以，虽然行为相同，却因为当前的发心不同而有善恶业之区别。

If willing, it is actually not so difficult to do good deeds, however one chooses to do it. On the other hand, unwilling to practice what has been learned, one can listen to the most profound teaching, such as the Great Perfection, all day long and still gains nothing from it. Nor is it so meaningful for the teaching to take place under this circumstance. No doubt listening to Dharma teachings is definitely helpful in terms of intellectual understanding of the Buddhist doctrines. Without this understanding, we will not know how to practice. But what good does it do if we do not put the doctrines into action? At best, we may just gather the merit of hearing the Dharma, but not much else. Neither can we hope for any progress in meditative realization. If we continue this way year after year, seemingly learning but never truly understanding the real meaning of the Dharma, we will surely be left empty-handed, with no guidance to rely on, when the time comes for us to leave this world. However, for someone who is willing and capable, even just eating a meal can be a cause of liberation. And the same reasoning applies to all other Dharma practices. So, be sure to have bodhicitta, the altruistic motivation, in whatever you do.

如果自己愿意做的话，行持善法还是很容易的，怎么做都可以。自己不愿意做的话，即使天天给你讲大圆满等最最高深的法，你今天听，明天也听，永远都不去实修，是没有用的，讲了也没有太大意义。闻法很有意义，通过闻法可以明白道理，如果不明白就不知道如何修持，但是如果听了很多却不去实践，这样又有什么意义呢？只能得到一些闻法的功德而已，其他的功德是没有的，在法的实修上也没有什么收获，今年是这个样子，明年还是这样，乃至死亡的时候也是这样空手而去。如果你自己想做、能做的话，仅仅吃一顿饭，都能成为解脱之因。其他类似的修法都是一样。所以，务必要发菩提心。