毁坏善根之因

It has been said in many scriptures that although the simulated version is not genuine nonpoisonous dedication, it can be used as a substitute. For example, how do we dedicate the merit accrued from liberating animals? We should sincerely make a vow: “However the Buddhas of the past，present and future dedicate their merit, I will do the same as well.” This would be nonpoisonous dedication. Naturally, we can also recite the Practices and Vows of the Bodhisattva Samantabhadra as it contains many auspicious dedications. If not knowing how or not having the time to recite the whole text, we can just recite the eight verses in the two stanzas from “In whatever way valiant Manjusri and Samantabhadra know how to transfer merit” to “I dedicate all of these roots of virtue to accomplishing the deeds of Samantabhadra.” Nagarjuna once said, “These two stanzas embody the essence of the Practices and Vows of the Bodhisattva Samantabhadra.” Therefore, to recite just these two stanzas would be the same as having read the whole text. It is easy to do and, at the same time, is unadulterated with defilement and deemed to resemble genuine nonpoisonous dedication.

很多经书上说过，这虽然不是真实的无毒回向，却可以代替无毒回向。例如，在放生过程中所造的善业，该如何回向呢？我们应一心一意地想：过去的佛、现在的佛、未来的佛如何回向他们的善业，我也如此回向我的善业，这就是无毒的回向。当然，我们也可以念诵《普贤行愿品》，因为其中包含了很多殊胜的回向。如果不会念或没有时间念其全文，就可以念诵从“文殊师利勇猛智”至“为得普贤殊胜行”的八句两个偈颂。龙树菩萨说过：这八句两偈是整个《普贤行愿品》的精华。所以，仅念这八句就等于念诵了全部的《普贤行愿品》。这种回向不但简单易行，同时又是相似的、清净的无毒回向。

After performing each virtuous action, dedication must be properly offered as the resulting good karma may likely be destroyed before it ripens. In what circumstances can it be destroyed?

做了善事以后，一定要如理回向。因为善业在没有成熟前，就有可能遭到损坏。什么情况会毁坏善业呢？

•Hate  In Mahayana Buddhism, hate, or anger, is the worst defilement. Strong hatred, once born, can immediately destroy all good karma accumulated over one hundred kalpas.

第一、发嗔恨心。在大乘佛教里，所有烦恼中最严重的就是嗔恨心。生起严重的嗔心，立即就可以毁坏一百个大劫所积累的善业；

•To boast one's own merit   For example, good karma is likely to be destroyed when a person, after reciting the heart mantra of Manjusri one hundred million times, goes on to tell others what great merit he or she has thus accumulated and flaunts the skills in meditation with pride.

第二、自诩功德。例如，某人在念了一亿文殊心咒以后，故意在他人面前卖弄自己的功德，炫耀自己的修行，夸夸其谈地宣传自己如何了不起，这样也会毁坏自己的善业；

•Regrets over virtuous action  For instance, a person has properly liberated animals but regrets after some time，thinking, “That was a waste of money, I shouldn’t have done it.” This regret will immediately ruin the virtuous karma resulted from all previous acts of liberating animals.

第三、于善生悔。例如，某人如理如法地放了生，可是，过了一段时间后，就生起后悔心：“我当时的放生是在浪费钱财，是不应该做的。”像这样的后悔，就会立即毁坏以前所做的一切放生善业；

•Inverted dedication of merit  Inverted dedication would be for someone to dedicate, after completing a virtuous action, in the following manner: “May this root of virtue empower me to destroy my enemy so and so.” Dedication becomes inverted when it is adulterated with greed, hatred, or delusion. Although the evil wish may come true, owing to the power of dedication, no good karma will ever be born from the virtuous actions performed.

第四、颠倒回向。例如，某人在行善之后，如果这样回向：“祝愿我依靠此善根，能够成为一个很有实力的人，从而消灭我的怨敌某某人。”这就是颠倒回向。凡是以贪嗔痴为根本的回向，都叫颠倒回向。这样回向以后，虽然有可能成熟其所发的恶愿，但在此果成熟以后，就再也不会产生其他的善报。