回向发愿，所有善根都不会空耗

If we do not dedicate properly in time, under the circumstances mentioned above, all the roots of virtue, however many or supreme, will be destroyed in an instant. Of all the factors that may destroy good karma, hatred is the one that could arise most easily. When it does, it can destroy innumerable virtuous karma. To ordinary people, that would be most dreadful. Hence, dedication must be offered immediately after completing each virtuous action.

如果我们不及时如法地回向，在以上这些情况下，即使再多、再殊胜的善根，都会被毁于一旦。在这些毁坏善业的因素当中，最容易出现的是嗔恨心，它能毁坏难以计数的善业，对凡夫而言，是非常可怕的。所以，行善之后必须立刻回向。

Will good karma never be destroyed after proper dedication has been offered? Normally, with proper dedication, especially one that is for the enlightenment of all sentient beings, karma resulted from virtuous deeds cannot be destroyed. It is like saving files in the computer. After they have been saved, they normally do not get lost.

如理回向之后，善业是否便不会被毁坏呢？如法的回向，特别是在为菩提而回向之后，在一般情况下，善根是不会被毁坏的。这就像在计算机中保存文件一样，在文档保存好以后，通常是不会丢失的。

In addition, dedication should correspond with motivation. If our motivation is to cultivate virtue for the sake of all sentient beings, our dedication should be for them as well. The two should not be inconsistent. It would not make any sense to arouse bodhicitta first and subsequently dedicate merit for our own benefit. According to the viewpoints of Mahayana Buddhism, we can dedicate merit neither for the worldly blessings of this life— our own health or prosperity, nor the attainment of the state of sravaka or pratyekabuddha, but enlightenment or the attainment of Buddhahood，the most sublime of all dedications. To dedicate as such, the seeds of virtue can never be depleted; the fruits born thereof, though ripened time after time, will never end. As the merit has been dedicated for the attainment of enlightenment，it will not disappear before then.

此外，回向应当与发心相应。我们的发心如果是为一切众生而行善，最后也要为一切众生而回向。前后不应该是矛盾的，如果发的是菩提心，回向却是为自己就不合理。按照大乘佛教的思想，我们既不能为这一世的圆满——自己的健康、长寿、发财而回向；也不能为了获得声闻、缘觉的果位而回向；而是要为证得菩提、获得佛陀的果位而回向，这是最殊胜的回向。这样回向后，善根生生世世也不会穷尽，其善果虽然一次又一次地成熟，却永无完结之时。因为善根已经回向了菩提，所以在未证得菩提之前，它们是不会消失的。

What is the difference between dedication and aspiration? On the premise that a virtuous action resulting in positive karma, like liberating animals, has been done, the aspiring vow made right after this action is dedication. When a vow or a wish is made without this premise, it is an ordinary aspiration. For example, when seeing a Buddha statue or a reliquary stupa，one prays, “May I in all future lives...”This is not dedication but aspiration. The difference lies in whether any virtuous action has been performed and any positive karma thus accumulated has been made the subject of dedication.

回向和发愿有何差别呢？在行善（如放生）时，造了善业，以此善业为前提，于行善后所发之愿，即是回向。平时，不以所造善业为依托的发愿，即是普通的发愿。如看到佛像、佛塔时，于其前发愿“祝愿我生生世世……”，这就不是回向而是发愿。回向和发愿的差别在于有无行善，有无所回向的善业。