执幻为实即无明

Likewise, the reason we experience suffering in samsara is also due to clinging - we take what is illusory as real and solid, so we suffer as a result. If we can turn around and realize the insubstantial, illusory nature of samsara, all fear and suffering will vanish as if waking up from a dream. Though samsara may not stop instantly, it will begin to fade. As in a nightmare, when we are aware that it is a dream, all the fear and pain associated with that dream will vanish immediately, even though the dream has not ended. Realizing the dream is unreal while dreaming stops all emotional reactions to it. We are now in the long dream of samsara. If we can wake up from it, that is, realize the empty nature of all phenomena, so can the cycle of rebirth ends.

同样的，在我们流转轮回的时候，为什么会有这么多痛苦呢？就是由于一种执著：原本是如幻如梦的东西，我们却把它当成真实的，所以就有了那么多痛苦。如果我们能够回头，能够证悟它是不实在的、如幻如梦的，这些恐惧、痛苦就都会消失。轮回虽然不一定会立即停止，但从此以后，它也开始逐渐地消失。譬如做噩梦时，如果我们知道自己在做梦，那么，虽然梦境尚未停止，依然在梦中，但是梦里的恐惧和痛苦就会一下子消失。在梦中证悟梦境是虚幻的，所以这一切就都停下来了。现在我们正在轮回的大梦里，如果能从中苏醒过来，也就是说，如果能证悟一切是空性的，那么，后面的流转也都会停止。

The key point is ignorance. Ignorance is delusion. That means we mistakenly regard all we see and hear as real. It is this strong clinging to the illusion of reality that makes us endure much suffering. The bodhisattvas, having attained realization and thus comprehended perfectly the void nature of all phenomena, suffer no more. The fact that they are free of clinging and suffering enables them to remain in samsara until all sentient beings have been liberated. If instead they still cling to that illusion like ordinary people do, they cannot but experience suffering as well and would not be able to remain in samsara forever to liberate sentient beings. Therefore, the first step is to eradicate ignorance.

最关键的还是无明，无明就是愚痴，有了这样错乱的观点之后，我们就会把所见、所闻都当成真实的，而正是这种实执，才给我们带来了很多痛苦。菩萨证悟之后，精通了一切所见、所闻都是如幻如梦的，所以就没有了痛苦。正因为他没有执著，没有痛苦，所以才能在乃至轮回未空之间待在这里度化众生；如果他有执著，也同样会有痛苦，那么，他就无法做到永在轮回度化众生了。所以，首先最为关键的问题，还是得断除无明。

Simply put, the way to eradicate ignorance is first to cultivate renunciation, arouse bodhicitta and lastly to realize emptiness which is of course the most crucial. The specific and essential method to attain realization of emptiness is to practice anatta (not-self) - neither beings nor the external phenomena have an inherently existing self. There are no other ways. Theoretically speaking, emptiness can be determined by deduction, but the practice of anatta is specifically intended for this purpose. It can serve as the foundation for practicing the Great Perfection later. In the end, we still need to practice the Great Perfection itself to find the way out of cyclic existence as the Great Perfection is indeed the best, fastest and easiest way for us to succeed in this endeavor. So first, ignorance must go. That means adherence to the independent reality of self and phenomena must stop.

断除无明的方法，简单地讲就是：第一个是出离心；第二个是菩提心；第三个最关键的，当然是证悟空性。证悟空性最具体的、如骨髓一般最精华的修法，就是人无我和法无我的修法，不会再有其他的。虽然从理论上讲，还有更多的推理方法，但具体的修法就这两个。这些可以作为前期的修法，为今后修大圆满铺路奠基，最终当然还是要用大圆满的修法来解决问题，这是最好的、最快的、最容易成功的，所以，首先要推翻无明，也就是推翻人我执和法我执。