自私是个狡猾的家伙，总藏在不易觉察的角落

Let’s take liberating animals as an example. On the surface, it appears that we are benefiting other beings. But, in fact, the purpose of many people is that they themselves can avoid suffering or obtain benefit in this life. Can they achieve their goals this way? Yes, they can. However, to release animals from suffering with only selfish motives is not Mahayana practice because the actual beneficiary is no one else but oneself.

比如说放生，表面上看这是一个利益众生的事，但很多人的希求仅仅是为了自己能避免一些痛苦，或是得到一些现世利益。这样的放生能不能达到其目的呢？目的能够达到。但是，这样的放生不属于大乘的法。因为，他实际上并没有真正利益众生，只是在利益自己而已。

Many people are practicing the five extraordinary preliminaries diligently. If you ask them, “Why do you practice the five preliminaries?” “If I don’t，I won’t be allowed to begin the main practice of the Great Perfection.” or，“Without practicing these preliminaries, I cannot listen to the teachings of the Great Perfection.” These answers may sound reasonable at first glance. However, if you ask further, “What happens if you are barred from practicing the Great Perfection or listening to its teachings?” “Then it will be very hard for me to attain liberation.” Ask again，“What would happen if you were to attain liberation?”“I would have no more suffering，nor any defilement.”

很多人也在精勤不倦地修五加行，如果问他“为什么修五加行呢？”“不修五加行，大圆满的正行就修不起来”或是“不修五加行，我就不能听大圆满的法”，“所以，我要修五加行”。表面上看来，这样的回答是对的。但如果继续追问：“如果修不成大圆满或听不到大圆满法，又会怎样呢？”“如果是这样，就不容易解脱了。”“解脱了又怎么样呢？”“解脱以后，我就没有痛苦、没有烦恼了。”

If your motivation is as such, there can be no bodhicitta to speak of in your practice. In other words, where can we find bodhicitta, one of the five extraordinary preliminaries, that you are supposed to be practicing? I’m afraid your so-called bodhicitta practice may just be a matter of completing the required mantra recitations. Bodhicitta itself, on the other hand, has yet been aroused in your mindstream. You may think that your practice is to generate bodhicitta, but your aim is actually selfish. This can hardly be the way of a genuine practice of bodhicitta. And your practice of the five preliminaries also inadvertently becomes a Theravada practice as you have completely missed the point about bodhicitta.

如果是这样的发心，则在这种修法里面根本没有菩提心的成分，五加行里所讲的菩提心又在哪里呢？你修的所谓菩提心，只不过是一个十万遍的数量而已，自己心相续中的菩提心却没有真实生起。虽然修的是发菩提心的法，但实际上却是为了自己而修，根本不是真正的菩提心修法。这样一来，你所修的五加行就成了小乘的修法，因为你的菩提心已经完全丧失。

Thus, we need to remain highly mindful and keep our conduct disciplined when undertaking any kind of practice. Often enough, upon closer examination, we may find that what appears to be altruistic actually only benefits ourselves. This is true in the case of the five preliminary practices as well as mantra chanting, animal liberation, prostration, etc. In short, if the purpose is to attain liberation just for oneself, no matter how sublime a practice is, it can only be deemed a Theravada practice. Conversely, if there is not one shred of selfish consideration, whatever one undertakes would all be deemed Mahayana practice, be it just reciting the Buddha’s name once or doing one prostration.

所以，我们在修法的时候要认真地观察自己的相续，并严格地要求自己。如果认真观察，我们会发现，很多事情表面上是利益众生，但实际上都是为了自己。修五加行是为了自己，其他的念咒、放生也是为了自己。简单地说，凡是为了自己的解脱而修行，无论所修的法本身多么殊胜，都只能成为小乘的修法。如果丝毫没有自私自利的念头，在此基础上去修行的话，哪怕念一句佛号、磕一个头，所修的都是大乘的法。