感恩之心如何影响大脑
Gratitude on the Brain
凡事说声道谢，可不仅仅是礼貌问题
Saying thanks may be more than just good manners.
心存感恩可以使人与社会的联系更加紧密
Gratitude is associated with stronger social bonds,
常常感恩，会带来很多好处
which in turn has a range of benefits,
比如，可以带来更健康的心理状况
like better mental health,
可以增强创伤恢复能力
increase resilience to trauma,
让我们对生活更加满意，等等
and overall satisfaction with life.
这里是科学美国人，科学60秒，我是杰德·洛菲尔
This is Scientific American 60 Second Science, I am Jayde Lovell.
只花一分钟哦
Got a minute?
当我们心存感恩的时候，大脑会有什么反应呢？
Up until 2015 it was unknown what the brain was going through
这个疑问直到2015年才被解开
when we experienced gratitude.
为了弄清楚这种复杂情绪的神经学机制
To better understand the neuroscience of this complex emotion,
南加州大学的研究人员
researchers at the University of Southern California
对23位志愿者进行了功能性磁共振成像扫描研究
conducted fMRI scans on 23 participants
当志愿者们聆听大屠杀的幸存者
as they listened to stories from holocaust survivors
讲述他们得到救命的食物和避难之处的事情时
receiving life-saving gifts of food and shelter
观察志愿者的大脑如何处理这种复杂的情绪
to see how the brain processed this complex emotion.
结果表明，当我们心生感恩的时候
It turns out that when we are feeling gratitude,
大脑中的一系列区域就会活跃起来
a range of areas in the brain become active,
这些区域包括
including parts of
内侧前额叶皮层，与记忆和情绪有关
the medial prefrontal cortex associated with memory and emotion;
眶额部皮层，与道德决策相关
the orbitofrontal cortex associated with moral decision making;
右前扣带皮层，与奖励预期和同情相关
the right anterior singulate cortex associated with reward anticipation and empathy;
以及左膝下扣带回皮层，与悲伤和恐惧有关
the left subgenual cingulate cortex associated with sadness and fear.
看来，感恩之心确实是种复杂的情绪
Well, gratitude really is a complex emotion.
研究人员还说，就像肌肉可以训练强化一样
Researchers are also showing that just like strengthening your muscles,
常常练习感恩，也能强化大脑相关区域的功能
practicing gratitude can lead to strengthening these areas of the brain.
所以，我们在每天的忙忙碌碌之中
So as we go about our busy lives,
一定要抽点时间，去感恩生活给予我们的种种恩惠
don’t forget to take time out to be grateful for all life’s gifts,
让每一天都变成快乐的感恩节
making it a happy Thanksgiving all year round.
译制工作人员： 译前 古霖 字幕 邓晓敏、妙善
翻译 阿鲁斯、法忠 终审 阿游 制作 妙善
智悲佛网视频发布于2016.4.12
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